Dirty War Clean Hands or Hunting Nazis in Munich

Dirty War, Clean Hands: ETA, the GAL and Spanish Democracy

Author: Paddy Woodworth

"Democracy is defended in the sewers as well as in the salons". This is how Spanish prime minister Felipe GonzГЎlez responded to allegations that his government was fighting the Basque separatist group ETA with its own methods: indiscriminate terrorism. shooting up crowded bars, bombing busy streets, torturing kidnap victims. For three years the GAL (Anti-terrorist Liberation Groups), created mayhem in the French Basque Country, where ETA had its "sanctuary".

In 1986, the French government began to hand over ETA suspects to the Spanish police in large numbers and the GAL campaign stopped. But this "dirty war" had already created widespread support for ETA among the first generation of Basques to grow up under democracy, and its consequences reverberate to this day. The GAL's links to the Spanish security forces, and finally to GonzГЎlez's own cabinet, have been revealed, despite all the resources of 'State secrecy', by controversial magistrates like Baltasar GarzГіn.

Over the last 15 years, the GAL scandal has fatally undermined GonzГЎlez's reputation as a democrat and EU statesman and raised fundamental questions about Spain's much-praised transition to democracy. The GAL investigations have stretched the relationship between government and judiciary to breaking point, and sent ministers and generals to prison. GonzГЎlez himself may still face charges.

Paddy Woodworth, who has covered Spain for the "Irish Times" and other media since the 1970s, has interviewed both the GAL's surviving victims and the GAL's leading protagonists. He has followed the investigations in the Spanish media and courts for many years. The result is a unique and dramaticnarrative and analysis of what happens when a democratic administration fights fire with fire.

Table of Contents:

	List of Illustrations
	Acknowledgements
	Map of GAL Attacks in Basque Country
	Map of GAL Attacks in Bayonne
	Prologue	1
Pt. I	An Ancient People, A Modern Conflict
1	'Only 5,000 Years Ago'	17
2	Boys Become Giant-Killers	33
3	The First Dirty War	44
Pt. II	A Dirty War Run By Democrats
4	Clean Hands in Government	63
5	Fear Crosses the Border	71
6	Under Siege in the Sanctuary	87
7	ETA Between Two Fires	101
8	Bombing Biarritz	116
9	A Revolutionary Doctor	124
10	A Black Lady Stalks the Bars	139
11	Massacre at the Monbar	156
12	Shooting Women and Children Too	161
13	The GAL's War is Over	170
Pt. III	Placing Blame: Investigating the Investigators
14	Grounds for Suspicion	177
15	Protecting Senor X	200
16	State Terrorism in the Dock	230
17	Recollections in Tranquillity	245
18	A Cascade of Confessions	259
19	Old Bones Tell Their Story	281
20	Who's Cheating Who?	295
21	The Paper Chase	313
22	A Divided Democracy	335
23	A Minister in the Dock	356
24	Judgement and Response	379
Pt. IV	Conclusions: Cleaning Up After A Dirty War
25	Waking from the Nightmare	407
	Epilogue	420
	Chronology of GAL Attacks	433
	Chronology of GAL Investigations	437
	Some Notes on the Spanish Constitution, Judiciary and Legal System	444
	Glossary	449
	Bibliography	458
	Index	462

See also: Information Seeking in Electronic Environments or 3ds Max 8 Essentials

Hunting Nazis in Munich: People and Places in Third Reich Munich

Author: Joachim von Halasz

Discover Hitler's secret sites in Munich. See where Eva Braun and Heinrich Himmler where born and grew up. Learn where the Nazi movement started in 1919 and how it was defeated in 1945.

Gain first hand access to more than 100 historical sites of Third Reich Munich, described in short profiles and pinpointed on city maps. The book is illustrated with more than 60 archive images, some never published before.